{"id":3354,"date":"2026-10-27T04:57:38","date_gmt":"2026-10-27T04:57:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/?p=3354"},"modified":"2026-10-27T04:57:38","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T04:57:38","slug":"mena-focus-2026%eb%85%84-10%ec%9b%94%ed%98%b8-the-paradox-of-one-nation-two-states-the-impact-of-the-hijab-dispute-between-azerbaijan-and-turkiye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/?p=3354","title":{"rendered":"[MENA Focus 2026\ub144 10\uc6d4\ud638] The Paradox of \u201cOne Nation, Two States\u201d: The Impact of the Hijab Dispute Between Azerbaijan and T\u00fcrkiye"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>The Paradox of \u201cOne Nation, Two States\u201d: The Impact of the Hijab Dispute Between Azerbaijan and T\u00fcrkiye<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Han Ha-eun (SNUAC)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The relationship between Azerbaijan and T\u00fcrkiye, often described by the phrase \u201cOne Nation, Two States,\u201d has been put to the test by controversy over restrictions on hijab-wearing in public schools. The immediate trigger was the Azerbaijani government\u2019s revision of student dress regulations on September 21, 2026, introducing restrictions on attire deemed inconsistent with school uniform rules and the principles of secular education. Although the regulations did not explicitly mention the hijab, some schools reportedly restricted hijab-wearing female students and teachers from entering school, sparking concerns over religious freedom and the right to education. By mid-October, protests by students and parents had intensified, and reports indicated that 37 people had been detained in connection with the demonstrations.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The dispute highlights the different historical experiences that have shaped the two countries\u2019 approaches to secularism. Although the majority of Azerbaijan\u2019s population is Muslim, the country has maintained a secular state structure shaped in part by its Soviet past, emphasizing the separation of religion and state. Baku maintains that the measures are not intended to ban religious attire as such, but rather to uphold uniform dress standards and the principles of secular education. Concerns that Iran\u2019s religious influence could threaten Azerbaijan\u2019s national identity and stability have also been cited as part of the broader policy context. T\u00fcrkiye, by contrast, retains a strong political memory of the exclusion of hijab-wearing women from universities and public institutions under the secularist system of the 1990s. Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan and his Justice and Development Party (AKP) made the relaxation of these restrictions an important part of their political agenda. Restrictions on the hijab in universities began to ease in 2010, and in October 2013, the ban on headscarves for civil servants was lifted in most public institutions. Consequently, Azerbaijan\u2019s measures have been viewed by conservative and religious circles in T\u00fcrkiye as an infringement on religious freedom and the right to education.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The dispute soon escalated into a public exchange between political figures in the two countries. When Oktay Saral, an adviser to President Erdo\u011fan, and several AKP figures criticized the restrictions on hijab-wearing students, Azerbaijan\u2019s ruling New Azerbaijan Party (YAP), led by President Ilham Aliyev, denounced their remarks as irresponsible political interference. The Azerbaijani side emphasized that the two countries\u2019 fraternal ties did not give either side the right to interfere in the other\u2019s domestic affairs. However, during his visit to Baku on October 15, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan stressed that the strategic relationship between the two countries was more important than any individual dispute and that differences should be resolved through dialogue.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Although the dispute is unlikely to immediately undermine military and economic cooperation between the two countries, it has exposed differences that have long been obscured by the symbolism of their \u201cbrotherhood.\u201d The hijab issue lies at the intersection of religious freedom, national sovereignty, secularism, national identity, and regional competition involving Iran and other actors. Ultimately, the future of Azerbaijani-Turkish relations will depend not merely on affirming the closeness of their alliance, but also on their ability to respect and manage differences in domestic politics and social sensitivities.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>\u2018<\/b><b>\ud55c \ubbfc\uc871<\/b><b>, <\/b><b>\ub450 \uad6d\uac00<\/b><b>\u2019<\/b><b>\uc758 \uade0\uc5f4<\/b><b>? <\/b><b>\uc544\uc81c\ub974\ubc14\uc774\uc794<\/b><b>\u00b7<\/b><b>\ud280\ub974\ud0a4\uc608<\/b><b>, <\/b><b>\ud788\uc7a1 \uac08\ub4f1\uc758 \ud30c\uc7a5<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\ud55c\ud558\uc740(\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc544\uc81c\ub974\ubc14\uc774\uc794\uacfc \ud280\ub974\ud0a4\uc608\uc758 \uc774\ub978\ubc14 \u2018\ud55c \ubbfc\uc871, \ub450 \uad6d\uac00(One Nation, Two States)\u2019 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uacf5\ub9bd\ud559\uad50 \ud788\uc7a1 \ucc29\uc6a9 \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \ub458\ub7ec\uc2f8\uace0 \uc2dc\ud5d8\ub300\uc5d0 \uc62c\ub790\ub2e4. \uac08\ub4f1\uc758 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uacc4\uae30\ub294 \uc544\uc81c\ub974\ubc14\uc774\uc794 \uc815\ubd80\uac00 2026\ub144 9\uc6d4 21\uc77c \ud559\uc0dd \ubcf5\uc7a5 \uaddc\uc815\uc744 \uac1c\uc815\ud574 \uad50\ubcf5 \uaddc\uc815\uacfc \uc138\uc18d\uad50\uc721 \uc6d0\uce59\uc5d0 \uc5b4\uae0b\ub098\ub294 \ubcf5\uc7a5\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ud788\uc7a1\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc77c\ubd80 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \ud788\uc7a1\uc744 \ucc29\uc6a9\ud55c \uc5ec\ud559\uc0dd\uacfc \uad50\uc0ac\uc758 \ub4f1\uad50\u00b7\ucd9c\uadfc\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc885\uad50\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uc640 \uad50\uc721\uad8c \uce68\ud574 \ub17c\ub780\uc774 \ud655\uc0b0\ub410\ub2e4. 10\uc6d4 \uc911\uc21c\uc5d0\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\uacfc \ud559\ubd80\ubaa8\ub4e4\uc758 \ud56d\uc758\uac00 \uc774\uc5b4\uc84c\uace0, \uad00\ub828 \uc2dc\uc704 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c 37\uba85\uc774 \uad6c\uae08\ub410\ub2e4\ub294 \ubcf4\ub3c4\ub3c4 \ub098\uc654\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc774\ubc88 \uc0ac\ud0dc\ub294 \uc591\uad6d\uc758 \uc138\uc18d\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \ub458\ub7ec\uc2fc \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0b8\ub2e4. \uc544\uc81c\ub974\ubc14\uc774\uc794\uc740 \ubb34\uc2ac\ub9bc \uc778\uad6c\uac00 \ub2e4\uc218\ub97c \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc18c\ub828 \uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \uac70\uce5c \uc138\uc18d\uad6d\uac00\ub85c\uc11c \uc885\uad50\uc640 \uad6d\uac00\uc758 \ubd84\ub9ac\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud574 \uc654\ub2e4. \ubc14\ucfe0\ub294 \uc774\ubc88 \uc870\uce58\uac00 \uc885\uad50\uc801 \ubcf5\uc7a5 \uc790\uccb4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae08\uc9c0\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ud1b5\uc77c\ub41c \uad50\ubcf5\uacfc \uc138\uc18d\uad50\uc721 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \uc774\ub780\uc758 \uc885\uad50\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\ub825\uc774 \uc790\uad6d\uc758 \uc815\uccb4\uc131\uacfc \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \uc704\ud611\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc6b0\ub824\ub3c4 \uc815\ucc45\uc758 \ubc30\uacbd\uc73c\ub85c \uac70\ub860\ub41c\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74 \ud280\ub974\ud0a4\uc608\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 1990\ub144\ub300 \uc138\uc18d\uc8fc\uc758 \uccb4\uc81c \uc544\ub798 \ud788\uc7a1 \ucc29\uc6a9 \uc5ec\uc131\uc774 \ub300\ud559\uacfc \uacf5\uc9c1\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc30\uc81c\ub410\ub358 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc774 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uae30\uc5b5\uc73c\ub85c \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub808\uc81c\ud504 \ud0c0\uc774\uc774\ud504 \uc5d0\ub974\ub3c4\uc548\uacfc \uc815\uc758\uac1c\ubc1c\ub2f9(AKP)\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \uc644\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud588\ub2e4. \ub300\ud559\uc758 \ud788\uc7a1 \uc81c\ud55c\uc740 2010\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc644\ud654\ub410\uace0, 2013\ub144 10\uc6d4\uc5d0\ub294 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \ud788\uc7a1 \ucc29\uc6a9 \uae08\uc9c0\uac00 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uacf5\uacf5\uae30\uad00\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\uc81c\ub410\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc544\uc81c\ub974\ubc14\uc774\uc794\uc758 \uc870\uce58\ub294 \ud280\ub974\ud0a4\uc608 \ubcf4\uc218\u00b7\uc885\uad50\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc885\uad50\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uc640 \uad50\uc721\ubc1b\uc744 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \uce68\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc5ec\uc84c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uac08\ub4f1\uc740 \uc591\uad6d \uc815\uce58\uad8c\uc758 \uacf5\uac1c\uc801\uc778 \uacf5\ubc29\uc73c\ub85c \ubc88\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc5d0\ub974\ub3c4\uc548 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc758 \uace0\ubb38 \uc625\ud0c0\uc774 \uc0ac\ub784\uacfc AKP \uc18c\uc18d \uc77c\ubd80 \uc778\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \ud788\uc7a1 \ucc29\uc6a9 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc758 \ub4f1\uad50 \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \ube44\ud310\ud558\uc790, \uc77c\ud568 \uc54c\ub9ac\uc608\ud504 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc758 \uc9d1\uad8c \uc2e0\uc544\uc81c\ub974\ubc14\uc774\uc794\ub2f9(YAP)\uc740 \uc774\ub97c \ubb34\ucc45\uc784\ud55c \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uac1c\uc785\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubc18\ubc15\ud588\ub2e4. \uc544\uc81c\ub974\ubc14\uc774\uc794 \uce21\uc740 \uc591\uad6d\uc758 \ud615\uc81c\uc560\uac00 \uc0c1\ub300\uad6d\uc758 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc815\ucc45\uc5d0 \uac04\uc12d\ud560 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \uac15\uc870\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 10\uc6d4 15\uc77c \ubc14\ucfe0\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \ud558\uce78 \ud53c\ub2e8 \ud280\ub974\ud0a4\uc608 \uc678\ubb34\uc7a5\uad00\uc740 \uc591\uad6d\uc758 \uc804\ub7b5\uc801 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uac1c\ubcc4 \ud604\uc548\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\uba70 \uc774\uacac\uc744 \ub300\ud654\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubc1d\ud614\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc774\ubc88 \uac08\ub4f1\uc774 \uc591\uad6d\uc758 \uad70\uc0ac\u00b7\uacbd\uc81c \ud611\ub825\uc744 \uace7\ubc14\ub85c \ud6fc\uc190\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc740 \uc81c\ud55c\uc801\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \u2018\ud615\uc81c\uad6d\u2019\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc0c1\uc9d5 \uc544\ub798 \uac00\ub824\uc84c\ub358 \ucc28\uc774\ub294 \ubd84\uba85\ud574\uc84c\ub2e4. \ud788\uc7a1 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc885\uad50\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uc640 \uad6d\uac00 \uc8fc\uad8c, \uc138\uc18d\uc8fc\uc758\uc640 \uad6d\uac00 \uc815\uccb4\uc131, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc774\ub780\uc744 \ube44\ub86f\ud55c \uc5ed\ub0b4 \uc601\ud5a5\ub825 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc774 \uad50\ucc28\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc548\uc774\ub2e4. \uacb0\uad6d \uc591\uad6d \uad00\uacc4\uc758 \ud5a5\ubc29\uc740 \ub3d9\ub9f9\uc758 \uce5c\ubc00\ud568\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uadf8\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc815\uce58\uc640 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ubbfc\uac10\uc131\uc744 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc874\uc911\ud558\uba70 \uc870\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ub824 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(\uc0ac\uc9c4\ucd9c\ucc98:https:\/\/eurasianet.org\/azerbaijan-and-turkey-spar-over-hijab-ban)<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;] The Paradox of \u201cOne Nation, Two States\u201d: The  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3355,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[84,32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2026-10","category-mena-focus"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3354","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3354"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3354\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3356,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3354\/revisions\/3356"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3354"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3354"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3354"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}