{"id":3348,"date":"2026-10-27T04:57:28","date_gmt":"2026-10-27T04:57:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/?p=3348"},"modified":"2026-10-27T04:57:28","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T04:57:28","slug":"mena-focus-2026%eb%85%84-10%ec%9b%94%ed%98%b8-pakistans-strategic-dilemma-under-the-mecca-joint-defense-agreement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/?p=3348","title":{"rendered":"[MENA Focus 2026\ub144 10\uc6d4\ud638] Pakistan\u2019s Strategic Dilemma Under the Mecca Joint Defense Agreement"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Pakistan\u2019s Strategic Dilemma Under the Mecca Joint Defense Agreement<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">YANG, Jung-a(SNUAC)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Saudi Arabia and Pakistan signed a Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement on September 17, 2025, and on August 7, 2026, the two countries, together with T\u00fcrkiye, concluded the Mecca Joint Defense Agreement. Since September, as Yemen\u2019s Houthi rebels have intensified their attacks on Saudi territory, Pakistan has come under pressure to honor these commitments. Pakistan\u2019s support and response should be understood in two distinct phases: military assistance provided under the 2025 bilateral agreement, and measures taken after the signing of the 2026 Mecca Joint Defense Agreement.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On April 11, 2026, the Saudi Ministry of Defense announced that Pakistani forces, including Pakistan Air Force fighter jets and support aircraft, had arrived at King Abdulaziz Air Base. The following month, Reuters reported that Pakistan had deployed 8,000 troops, JF-17 fighter jets, and Chinese-made HQ-9 air defense systems to Saudi Arabia. This assistance came as regional security deteriorated in the aftermath of the recent war with Iran. Since the 1980s, Pakistan has stationed troops in Saudi Arabia and provided training and military support, while Saudi Arabia has extended economic assistance to Pakistan. The relationship has long rested on this complementary exchange of security for economic support.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">After the Houthi attacks in September, Pakistan\u2019s initial response did not go beyond diplomatic statements of support for Saudi Arabia and its commitment to the kingdom\u2019s defense. The agreement\u2019s collective defense provisions were invoked for the first time on October 5, when the three countries decided to rapidly deploy troops and military assets to Saudi Arabia in accordance with approved arrangements and their respective domestic laws. They did not, however, specify how or to what extent this support would be provided. Pakistan has maintained that its forces will be limited to defensive operations within Saudi territory and will not take part in combat operations between Saudi Arabia and the Houthis. This is consistent with its past conduct: in 2015, during the Yemeni civil war, Pakistan likewise declined to join the fighting and has generally refrained from direct combat involvement.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pakistan\u2019s central challenge lies in the difficulty of clearly separating the defense of Saudi territory from the broader conflict with the Houthis. At the same time, it faces the diplomatic challenge of maintaining friendly relations with Iran and preserving its role as a neutral mediator in the region. On October 20, Pakistan\u2019s Chief of Army Staff, Asim Munir, visited Tehran and met with Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Speaker of the Iranian Parliament. The visit underscores that managing its role as a mediator between Iran and the United States remains a critical strategic challenge for Pakistan.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>\uba54\uce74\ubc29\uc704\ud611\uc815 \uc774\ud6c4 \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc758 \uc804\ub7b5\uc801 \uacfc\uc81c<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\uc591\uc815\uc544(\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544\uc640 \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc740 2025\ub144 9\uc6d4 17\uc77c \uc804\ub7b5\uc801 \uc0c1\ud638 \ubc29\uc704\ud611\uc815(Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement), \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 2026\ub144 8\uc6d4 7\uc77c \ud280\ub974\ud0a4\uc608\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uba54\uce74 \uacf5\ub3d9\ubc29\uc704\ud611\uc815(Mecca Joint Defense Agreement)\ub97c \ub9fa\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uadfc 9\uc6d4 \uc774\ud6c4 \ud6c4\ud2f0 \ubc18\uad70\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544 \uc601\ud1a0 \uacf5\uaca9\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc740 \uc9c0\ub09c \ud611\uc815\uc744 \uc774\ud589\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc81c\ub97c \uc548\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud604\uc7ac \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc758 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uacfc \ub300\uc751\uc740 \uae30\uc874 2025\ub144 \uc591\uc790\ud611\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uad70\uc0ac\uc801 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uacfc 2026\ub144 \uba54\uce74 \uacf5\ub3d9 \ubc29\uc704\ud611\uc815 \uccb4\uacb0 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uc870\uce58\ub85c \uad6c\ubd84\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544 \uad6d\ubc29\ubd80\ub294 2026\ub144 4\uc6d4 11\uc77c \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4 \uacf5\uad70 \uc804\ud22c\uae30\uc640 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uae30\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \ubcd1\ub825\uc774 \ud0b9 \uc555\ub458 \uc544\uc9c0\uc988 \uacf5\uad70\uae30\uc9c0(King Abdulaziz Air Base)\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud588\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \ub2ec \ub85c\uc774\ud130\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc5d0 \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc758 \ubcd1\ub825 8,000\uba85, JF-17 \uc804\ud22c\uae30, \uc911\uad6d\uc81c HQ-9 \ubc29\uacf5\uccb4\uacc4\uac00 \ubc30\uce58\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\ub3c4\ud588\ub2e4. \ud574\ub2f9 \uad70\uc0ac\uc801 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc740 \uc9c0\ub09c \uc774\ub780 \uc804\uc7c1 \uad6d\uba74 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc5ed\ub0b4 \uc548\ubcf4\uac00 \ubd88\uc548\uc815\ud574\uc9c4 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4. 1980\ub144\ub300\ubd80\ud130 \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544\uc5d0 \uc8fc\ub454\ud558\uba70 \ud6c8\ub828\uacfc \uad70\uc0ac\ub825\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud574\uc654\uace0, \uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544\ub294 \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc5d0 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \ub4f1, \uc548\ubcf4\uc640 \uacbd\uc81c\uc758 \uc0c1\ud638 \ubcf4\uc644\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud574\uc654\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc9c0\ub09c 9\uc6d4 \uc608\uba58 \ud6c4\ud2f0 \ubc18\uad70\uc758 \uacf5\uaca9 \uc774\ud6c4, \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc758 \ucd08\uae30 \ub300\uc751\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc9c0\uc640 \ubc29\uc704 \uc758\uc9c0\ub97c \ud45c\uba85\ud558\ub294 \uc678\uad50\uc801 \uc218\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uadf8\ucce4\ub2e4. \ud611\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc9d1\ub2e8\ubc29\uc704 \uc870\uce58\uac00 \ucc98\uc74c \ubc1c\ub3d9\ub41c \uac83\uc740 10\uc6d4 5\uc77c\ub85c, 3\uad6d\uc740 \uc2b9\uc778\ub41c \uc57d\uc815\uacfc \uac01\uad6d\uc758 \uad6d\ub0b4\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ubcd1\ub825\uacfc \uad70\uc0ac\ub825\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc5d0 \uc2e0\uc18d\ud558\uac8c \ubc30\uce58\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uacb0\uc815\ud588\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c, \uc5b4\ub290 \ubc94\uc704\ub85c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud560 \uac83\uc778\uc9c0\ub294 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1d\ud788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc740 \uc790\uad6d \ubcd1\ub825\uc758 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544 \uc601\ud1a0 \ub0b4 \ubc29\uc5b4\uc791\uc804\uc5d0 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\uace0, \uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc640 \ud6c4\ud2f0 \ubc18\uad70 \uac04\uc758 \uc804\ud22c \uc791\uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \uace0\uc218\ud588\ub2e4. \uc9c0\ub09c 2015\ub144 \uc608\uba58 \ub0b4\uc804 \uc0ac\ub840\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc740 \ucc38\uc804 \uac70\ubd80\ub97c \ubc1d\ud614\ub358 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc804\ud22c \ucc38\uc5ec\ub294 \uc790\uc81c\ud574\uc654\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud604\uc7ac \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc774 \uc9c1\uba74\ud55c \uacfc\uc81c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6b0\ub514\uc544\ub77c\ube44\uc544\uc758 \uc601\ud1a0 \ubc29\uc5b4\uc640 \ud6c4\ud2f0\uc640\uc758 \ubd84\uc7c1 \uac1c\uc785\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud558\uac8c \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \ub370 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc774\ub780\uacfc\uc758 \uc6b0\ud638\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc5ed\ub0b4 \uc911\ub9bd\uc801\uc778 \uc911\uc7ac\uc790\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc785\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc9c0\ucf1c\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc678\uad50\uc801 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc744 \uc548\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. 10\uc6d4 20\uc77c \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4 \uc721\uad70 \ucc38\ubaa8\ucd1d\uc7a5 \uc544\uc2ec \ubb34\ub2c8\ub974\ub294 \ud14c\ud5e4\ub780\uc744 \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\ub780 \uc758\ud68c \uc758\uc7a5 \ubaa8\ud558\uba54\ub4dc \ubc14\uac8c\ub974 \uac08\ub9ac\ubc14\ud504\uc640 \ud68c\ub2f4\uc744 \uac00\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc774\ub780\uacfc \ubbf8\uad6d \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc7ac\uc790 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc5d0 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc804\ub7b5\uc801 \uacfc\uc81c\ub85c \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(\uc0ac\uc9c4\ucd9c\ucc98: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spa.gov.sa\/en\/N2693816\"><u>https:\/\/www.spa.gov.sa\/en\/N2693816<\/u><\/a>)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;] Pakistan\u2019s Strategic Dilemma Under the Mecca Joint Defense  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3360,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[84,32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2026-10","category-mena-focus"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3348","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3348"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3348\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3350,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3348\/revisions\/3350"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3360"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3348"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3348"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}