{"id":3096,"date":"2026-06-29T01:01:46","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T01:01:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/?p=3096"},"modified":"2026-06-29T01:02:52","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T01:02:52","slug":"mena-focus-2026%eb%85%84-6%ec%9b%94%ed%98%b8-what-did-the-united-states-and-iran-agree-to","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/wac.snuac.ac.kr\/?p=3096","title":{"rendered":"[MENA Focus 2026\ub144 6\uc6d4\ud638] What Did the United States and Iran Agree To?"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

What Did the United States and Iran Agree To?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hwang Yuihyun(SNUAC)<\/p>\n

On June 17, the United States and Iran signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) aimed at ending the war. The MOU, consisting of 14 articles, finally brought to a halt the four-month war between the United States and Iran that had continued since February. The two countries agreed to conduct negotiations for up to 60 days and conclude a final agreement to resolve the nuclear issue.<\/p>\n

After the 14 articles were made public, experts assessed that the United States had gained little and suffered losses in the war; some even argued that the United States had been defeated. This was because the agreement contained provisions favorable to Iran. The clauses requiring a halt to military operations on all fronts, including Lebanon, and respect for the territorial integrity and sovereignty not only of Iran but also of Lebanon, reflected Iran\u2019s position that a cessation of hostilities between Israel and Lebanon\u2019s Hezbollah should also be included as a condition of the ceasefire. Iran agreed to reopen the Strait of Hormuz, but under the agreement, the period during which Iran guarantees free passage through the strait is limited to only 60 days. Iran reaffirmed its intention not to possess nuclear weapons, while the United States agreed to ease sanctions on Iranian oil exports, permit Iran to use its frozen assets, and work with its allies in the Middle East to establish a fund for Iran\u2019s reconstruction.<\/p>\n

In other words, when the agreement is viewed as a whole, Iran secured tangible gains\u2014sanctions relief and the release of frozen assets\u2014in exchange for reaffirming its long-held position of renouncing nuclear weapons. It also preserved the possibility of charging passage fees in the Strait of Hormuz in the future. By contrast, although the United States held a military advantage in the war, questions remain as to what it ultimately achieved. Other contentious issues in the conflict between Iran and the United States, such as Iran\u2019s support for allied armed groups in the Middle East and its ballistic missile development, were not included in the agreement. Nor did the United States obtain a commitment guaranteeing permanent free passage through the Strait of Hormuz. Indeed, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, the head of Iran\u2019s negotiating team, described the agreement as \u201ca declaration of American defeat.\u201d Within the United States as well, critics argued that Trump, unable to withstand a prolonged period of high oil prices, accepted terms favorable to Iran. If the United States seeks to offset the disadvantages of the agreement in the negotiations ahead, Iran\u2019s resistance could make the talks even more difficult.<\/p>\n

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